2016
Rudrapalsinh Solanki
Week-18
Invention, Intellectual Property, and Income
Assignment
1. develop a plan for dissemination of your final project
prepare a summary slide (presentation, 1280x1024) and video clip
in your root directory
Invention :
Super Arm has 2 sets of acts included into its making. Most important is its design that its a module based design.
The first set is to make the components of the arm, the rotatory axis of arm and the sizes of that arms. The design can be an open source platform where people can themselves customize their arms not necessarily 6 axis but it can be 4/5 axis too, with the same modules.
The second set is the digital codes and the electric shield that takes all the functioning of the arm and its movement. Both the circuit and the remote can be easily made in any fab lab. The design can be shared once the Fab Academy is done and later the circuit will also be available.
Intellectual Property:
intellectual property refers to the creations of the mind which in case here for the super arm and also other inventions; literary and artistic works; and symbols, names and images that are used in commerce and other educational purposes. Intellectual property is divided into two categories:
Industrial Property includes patents for inventions or creations that are done, trademarks of the components or products industrial designs and geographical indications.
Copyright covers literary works (such as novels, poems and plays), films, videos and music. It also emphasis on the artistic works (e.g.., drawings, paintings, photographs and sculptures). In the case of super arm It focuses on the design drawing and the module derived that works as a parametric module that can be used to develop several customized arms.
Intellectual property rights are like any other property right. They allow creators, or owners, of patents, trademarks or copyrighted works to benefit from their own work or investment in a creation. These rights are outlined in Article
27 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which provides for the right to benefit from the protection of moral and material interests resulting from authorship of scientific, literary or artistic productions.
A patent is an exclusive right ranted for an invention – a product or process that provides a new way of doing something, or that offers a new technical solution to a problem.
Patents provide incentives to individuals by recognizing their creativity and offering the possibility of material reward for their marketable inventions. These incentives encourage innovation, which in turn enhances the quality
of human life.
A trademark is a distinctive sign that identifies certain goods or services produced or provided by
an individual or a company. Its origin dates back to ancient times when craftsmen reproduced their signatures, or “marks”, on their artistic works or products of a functional or practical nature. Over the years, these marks have evolved into today’s system of trademark registration and protection. The system helps consumers to identify and purchase a product or service based on whether its specific characteristics and quality – as indicated by its unique trademark – meet their needs.
Trademark protection ensures that the owners of marks have the exclusive right to use them to identify goods or services, or to authorize others to use them in return for payment. The period of protection varies, but a trademark can be renewed indefinitely upon payment of the corresponding fees. Trademark protection is legally enforced by courts that, in most systems, have the authority to stop trademark infringement.
Copyright laws grant authors, artists and other creators protection for their literary and artistic creations,generally referred to as “works”. A closely associated field is “related rights” or rights related to copyright that encompass
rights similar or identical to those of copyright, although sometimes more limited and of shorter duration. The beneficiaries of related rights are:
performers (such as actors and musicians) in their performances;
producers of phonographs (for example, compact discs) in their sound recordings; and
broadcasting organizations in their radio and television programs.
World Intellectual Property Organization : Established in 1970, the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is an international organization dedicated to helping ensure that the rights of creators and owners of intellectual property are protected worldwide, and that inventors and authors are therefore recognized and rewarded for their ingenuity.
For further Information refer to the Link
The Super Arm project can be an open Source hardware and product under MIT license. Since I started I don't want to license the project at any point.
The MIT License (MIT) Copyright (c) 2016 Rudrapalsinh Solanki permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this machine and design etc.
To deal in with the codes of the machine and to make the machine with the same or modified without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, publish, distribute, sub license, copy, modify, merge, and/or sell copies of the machine.
If you are working with the codes / hardware of the super arm then subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of Machine.
List of Licenses that can be used or taken by any individual/ company/group:
1. MIT License
2. Apache License
3. BSD License Creative common (CC)
4. Mozilla public license version 2.0
5. Apache License
6. GNU General Public License (GPL)
For the details of the licenses check the LINK
Software Licensing Models
If you’ve ever purchased a piece of software you’ll have been given a software license key by the manufacturer. This would either have come in the case or have been sent out in the software documentation. The Software License Key is the unique string of numbers and letters which identifies the software as legitimate and which enables you to use all of the features it has to offer.
There are numerous types of software license model, and this article is not going to go into too much detail about each and every variable. Software licensing can easily become confusing and for the majority of the time there will only be a handful of which you will need to be aware. This article will look at End User License Agreements (or Single User Licensing), Pay-Per-Use, Sharing Licenses and Site License. These are the four most common forms of license which a small to medium size business will use.
End User License Agreement
The most commonly used type of license is the End User License Agreement (EULA) – this is used for all of the paid-for software used on personal computers and is likely to be the model adopted by small businesses and new start-ups. Every new copy of a piece of software which is installed has its own unique license code, regardless of whether or not it has previously been installed.
For the details of the licenses check the Link
Creative Common license:
CC is a copyright license that allow the free distribution and author can choose what it can be used for(commercial or others) even though it can be share,use and rebuild the same.
A Creative Commons (CC) license is one of several public copyright licenses that enable the free distribution of an otherwise copyrighted work. A CC license is used when an author wants to give people the right to share, use, and build upon a work that they have created. CC provides an author flexibility (for example, they might choose to allow only non-commercial uses of their own work) and protects the people who use or redistribute an author's work from concerns of copyright infringement as long as they abide by the conditions that are specified in the license by which the author distributes the work.
There several types of licenses as explained on the below image:-
Public copyright licenses incorporate a unique and innovative “three-layer” design. Each license begins as a traditional legal tool, in the kind of language and text formats that most lawyers know and love. We call this the Legal Code layer of each license.
But since most creators, educators, and scientists are not in fact lawyers, we also make the licenses available in a format that normal people can read — the Commons Deed (also known as the “human readable” version of the license). The Commons Deed is a handy reference for licensor and licensees, summarizing and expressing some of the most important terms and conditions.
1. This license helps others to distribute, mix , tweak, and build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the original creation of the work. This is most common accommodating of licenses offered and recommended for maximum dissemination and use of licensed materials.
2. This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon your work even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit you and license their new creations under the identical terms. This license is often compared to copyleft free and open source software licenses. All new works based on yours will carry the same license, so any derivatives will also allow commercial use. This is the license used by Wikipedia, and is recommended for materials that would benefit from incorporating content from Wikipedia and similarly licensed projects.
3. This license allows for redistribution, commercial and non-commercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged and in whole, with credit to you.
4.This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon your work non-commercially, and although their new works must also acknowledge you and be non-commercial, they don't have to license their derivative works on the same terms.
5.This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon your work non-commercially, as long as they credit you and license their new creations under the identical terms.
6. This license is the most restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your works and share them with others as long as they credit you, but they cant change them in any way or use them commercially.
LICENSE for my Super arm
I will go with the Creative common license(Attribution Share alike) of the MIT License because I want to increase the network of interest in work and to increase the efficiency of work. As few things that I have worked on can be taken further and later developed in a major work to improve the technology.
INCOME GENERATION
I have not yet decided to sell the product. As this should more go into the research work for the design and creating/ innovating the idea that I have and many people such like me have. Once the product is ready may be in future I might use it as the income generator but only for institutions and research groups who are looking deep into this field.
Future Opportunities:
There are chances in future to collaborate with the different universities and educational institutions for developing it further and to make a huge arm which has a similar concept and idea towards its making.
I have selected Creative Commons CC-BY-SA for all the work that I have done and shared here on the fab academy archive as part of my Fab academy course. As the work done by me can be used as a base for someone who need the data and can take the project further to a different level.
In future I might register to the Limited Liability Partnership( LLP) brand and company so the product can be an open source which will allow people to you it easily and develop it further.
Final Presentation :
Video Link Presentation_Video_472_Rudrapalsinh_Fablabcept
Poster Link Presentation_Poster_472_Rudrapalsinh_Fablabcept
Week 18 Files
