Exercise 18 Invention, Intellectual Property, and Income Project Development


Assignment Requirement


Patent

A patent for an invention is the grant of a property right to the inventor, issued by the United States Patent and Trademark Office. Generally, the term of a new patent is 20 years from the date on which the application for the patent was filed in the United States or, in special cases, from the date an earlier related application was filed, subject to the payment of maintenance fees. U.S. patent grants are effective only within the United States, U.S. territories, and U.S. possessions. Under certain circumstances, patent term extensions or adjustments may be available.

The right conferred by the patent grant is, in the language of the statute and of the grant itself, “the right to exclude others from making, using, offering for sale, or selling” the invention in the United States or “importing” the invention into the United States. What is granted is not the right to make, use, offer for sale, sell or import, but the right to exclude others from making, using, offering for sale, selling or importing the invention. Once a patent is issued, the patentee must enforce the patent without aid of the USPTO.

There are three types of patents:

  1. Utility patents may be granted to anyone who invents or discovers any new and useful process, machine, article of manufacture, or composition of matter, or any new and useful improvement thereof;
  2. Design patents may be granted to anyone who invents a new, original, and ornamental design for an article of manufacture; and
  3. Plant patents may be granted to anyone who invents or discovers and asexually reproduces any distinct and new variety of plant.

Singapore Patents Act - Chapter 221 .

Trademark

A trademark is a word, name, symbol, or device that is used in trade with goods to indicate the source of the goods and to distinguish them from the goods of others. A servicemark is the same as a trademark except that it identifies and distinguishes the source of a service rather than a product. The terms “trademark” and “mark” are commonly used to refer to both trademarks and servicemarks.

Trademark rights may be used to prevent others from using a confusingly similar mark, but not to prevent others from making the same goods or from selling the same goods or services under a clearly different mark. Trademarks that are used in interstate or foreign commerce may be registered with the USPTO. The registration procedure for trademarks and general information concerning trademarks can be found in the separate book entitled “Basic Facts about Trademarks.”

Singapore Trade Marks Act - Chapter 332 .

Copyright

Copyright is a form of protection provided to the authors of "original works of authorship" including literary, dramatic, musical, artistic, and certain other intellectual works, both published and unpublished. The 1976 Copyright Act generally gives the owner of copyright the exclusive right to reproduce the copyrighted work, to prepare derivative works, to distribute copies or phonorecords of the copyrighted work, to perform the copyrighted work publicly, or to display the copyrighted work publicly.

The copyright protects the form of expression rather than the subject matter of the writing. For example, a description of a machine could be copyrighted, but this would only prevent others from copying the description; it would not prevent others from writing a description of their own or from making and using the machine. Copyrights are registered by the Copyright Office of the Library of Congress.

Singapore Copyright Act - Chapter 63.

Creative Commons

Creative Commons is a global nonprofit organization dedicated to supporting an open and accessible Internet that is enriched with free knowledge and creative resources for people around the world to use, share and cultivate. Although Creative Commons is best known for its licenses, CC offers other legal and technical tools that also facilitate sharing and discovery of creative works, such as CC0, a public domain dedication for rights holders who wish to put their work into the public domain before the expiration of copyright, and the Public Domain Mark, a tool for marking a work that is in the worldwide public domain. Creative Commons licenses and tools were designed specifically to work with the web, which makes content that is offered under their terms easy to search for, discover, and use.

CC licenses are copyright licenses, and depend on the existence of copyright to work. CC licenses are legal tools that creators and other rights holders can use to offer certain usage rights to the public, while reserving other rights. Those who want to make their work available to the public for limited kinds of uses while preserving their copyright may want to consider using CC licenses. Others who want to reserve all of their rights under copyright law should not use CC licenses. Creative Commons has shared the text of a number of types of copyright licenses. If you select one, you reserve some of the right to your story, but you’re also giving the general public some licenses, like the right to translate your story, or make a film using your dialogue, or even print it to sell at a fan con. Individuals wanting to collaborate with a writer must go through this route. There are several Creative Commons licenses to suit your needs: Attribution [CC BY]: others can use and distribute your work, but they must attribute the work to you Share Alike [CC BY-SA]: others can use your work, but whatever they use it for must be shared too No Derivative [CC BY-ND]: your work can be used, word for word, but you can’t remix or change it Non Commercial [CC BY-NC]: people can use your work, but can’t make money from it For more information on Creative Commons copyright options, please visit: Creative Commons

This is how you can display Creative Commons copyrights.
  This work may be reproduced, modified, distributed, performed, and displayed for any purpose, but must acknowledge Fab Academy 2017 project. 
  Copyright is retained and must be preserved. The work is provided as is; no warranty is provided, and users accept all liability.
  

Attribution 3.0 Singapore (CC BY 3.0 SG).

All Rights Reserved

The copyright holder retains all the rights provided by copyright law, such as distribution, performance, and creation of their work. In some ways, you have total control over your story, but since copyright doesn’t give you a complete monopoly, others can still use your story in certain ways, by including short excerpts in reviews and recs, creating fan art or covers for you, etc.

Plans for dissemination

I have benefited so much from the works of others on my entire learning journey, and with the help and of seniors and local instructors of their past experiencesand lesson learnt. It is these unreserved sharing that let me progress thus far, I would certainly like to support the sharing of knowledge and ideas and hopefully people can be benifited too. My work files and design files for all the assignments and final project will be made available for course assessment and interested parties to view and use under Non Commercial [CC BY-NC]". Keep up the spirit of knowledge sharing!

During the entire 19 weeks of project assignments, numerous time I uploaded short video clips to youtube.com for ease of sharing. As those are meant to be a platform for sharing of information and ideas freely. Many a time I have benefited from this free knowledge sharing platform. In particular, how people dismantle their in cabin airfilter for automobils and cars, changing of lubricants and so on and so forth. I was hoping that I could narrate and discribe my final project proper and to be able to produce my own intructional video clip just like the those presenters one day. Nowadays, who don't watch youtube? I would think that I already have a mass audience, the key factor here is how to leaverage on the power of youtube and digital media.

Honestly, as we are in the education line - the most direct channel to disseminate my idea is non other but to impart the knowledge of how to make things to our students. With that perhaps, I would start small and have some kind of one weekly mini project whereby students are given the instructural steps to gain the knowledge of laser cutting, pcb milling, stuffing of board and at the end of day their own customised laptop stand.

Income

Once again this project was created based on personal need and customization, I do not intend to make any money. My main purpose is to gain knowledge and ideas and to share with people. However, it would be nice for others to do the same if they are able to improve on my project.

As a starts, I would do the same like other free knowledge digital media. Click the thumb up to like my video, comment and feedback for improvement sort of thing. My entirely final project are based on the concept of reduce, reuse, and recycle of materials. I would certainly hope that, more people can share and agree to this idea of a sustainable environment and cost saving. Having a sustainable environment would be most valuable income that one can ask for our future generation for many year to come.

Imparting knowledge and sharing of knowhow is another area that I consider as invaluable income. If we thought our students well and they are able to earn a living with the knowledge acquired and for the many years to come, they would thanks us who have thought them something useful in their life.

Steps to Commercialize portion of the project (Temperature sensing and control)

  1. Market survey on customise temperature sensing control available in the market and further determine what are the area of application.
  2. Study what are their selling points and what are people looking for.
  3. Revisit my design and further enhance the functionality to suit to potential customer needs and requirements.
  4. Customed design as a system for potential customer.
  5. Identify possible implimentation in smart home automation.
  6. Providing the customization service and system integration as a whole to potential customer.

References